Gurus & Saints of India
Paramahansa Yogananda (1893-1952)
Paramahansa Yogananda is recognized as
one of the greatest emissaries to the West of India's ancient wisdom. His
life and teachings continue to be a source of light and inspiration to
people of all races, cultures and creeds.
Birth & Childhood:
He was born Mukunda Lal Ghosh on January 5, 1893, in Gorakhpur, India, into
a devout and well-to-do Bengali family. From his earliest years, he
developed a depth of awareness and experience in the spiritual. In his youth
he sought out many of India's sages and saints, hoping to find an illumined
teacher to guide him in his spiritual quest.
Spritual Search :
It was in 1910, at the age of 17, that he met and became a disciple of the
revered Swami Sri Yukteswar Giri. In the hermitage of this great master of
Yoga he spent the better part of the next ten years, receiving Sri
Yukteswar's strict but loving spiritual discipline. After he graduated from
Calcutta University in 1915, he took formal vows as a monk of India's
venerable monastic Swami Order, at which time he received the name Yogananda
(signifying bliss, ananda, through divine union, yoga).
Beginning of World Mission:
Yogananda began his life's work with the founding, in 1917, of a
"how-to-live" school for boys, where modern educational methods were
combined with yoga and spirituality. In 1920, he was invited to serve as
India's delegate to an international congress of religious leaders convening
in Boston where he presented his discourse "The Science of Religion."
Shortly thereafter, he founded the Self-Realization Fellowship (SRF) for the
purpose of disseminating his teachings. His founding and ongoing development
of his society was at the heart of his mission for the more than 30 years
that he lived and taught in the West.
Pioneer of Yoga:
For the next several years, he lectured and taught on the East coast and in
1924 embarked on a cross-continental tour. Over the next decade, Yogananda
traveled and lectured widely, speaking to capacity audiences in many of the
largest auditoriums in the US - from New York's Carnegie Hall to the Los
Angeles Philharmonic. He emphasized the underlying unity of the religions,
and taught universally applicable methods for attaining personal experience
of God. To serious students of his teachings he introduced the
soul-awakening techniques of Kriya Yoga, a sacred spiritual science
originating millenniums ago in India.
Among those who became his students were many prominent figures in science,
business, and the arts, including horticulturist Luther Burbank, operatic
soprano Amelita Galli-Curci, George Eastman (inventor of the Kodak camera),
poet Edwin Markham, and symphony conductor Leopold Stokowski. In 1927, he
was officially received at the White House by President Calvin Coolidge, who
had become interested in the newspaper reports of his activities.
Return to India:
In 1935, Yogananda began an 18-month tour of Europe and India. During his
yearlong sojourn in his native land, he spoke in cities throughout the
subcontinent and enjoyed meetings with Gandhi, C. V. Raman, Ramana Maharshi
and Anandamoyi Ma, among others. In this year his guru, Swami Sri Yukteswar,
bestowed on him the title of “paramahansa” (supreme swan - a symbol of
spiritual discrimination), that signifies one who manifests the supreme
state of unbroken communion with God.
Books and Literature:
During the 1930s, Yogananda began to withdraw somewhat from his nationwide
public lecturing so as to devote himself to the writings that would carry
his message to future generations. Yogananda's life story, "Autobiography of
a Yogi", was published in 1946 and expanded by him in subsequent editions. A
perennial best seller, the book has been in continuous publication since it
first appeared and has been translated into 18 languages. It is widely
regarded as a modern spiritual classic.
Final Years:
On March 7, 1952, Yogananda entered mahasamadhi, a God-illumined master's
conscious exit from the body at the time of physical death. His passing was
marked by an extraordinary phenomenon. A notarized statement signed by the
Director of Forest Lawn Memorial-Park testified: "No physical disintegration
was visible in his body even 20 days after death.... This state of perfect
preservation of a body is… an unparalleled one.... Yogananda's body was
apparently in a phenomenal state of immutability."
On the occasion of the 25th anniversary of Paramahansa Yogananda's passing,
India issued a special commemorative stamp was issued in his honor, together
with a tribute that read, in part: "The ideal of love for God and service to
humanity found full expression in the life of Paramahansa Yogananda....Though
the major part of his life was spent outside India, still he takes his place
among our great saints."